Half-Timbered Architecture
Half-timbered architecture is a traditional building method characterized by a wooden frame exposed on the exterior of the building, with the spaces between the timbers filled with non-structural infill materials such as brick, stone, plaster, or wattle and daub. Half-timbered architecture is heavily used in fantasy worlds, where it is commonly found in the taverns and inns of fantasy towns.

Designing Fictional Half Timbered Architecture
Overview
The exact origins of half-timbered construction are unclear, but evidence suggests its use dates back to ancient civilizations in China and Europe.
- Europe: Half-timbered buildings became widespread in medieval Europe from the 11th to the 17th centuries. This method was particularly popular in regions with readily available timber and limited access to stone for building.
- Germany: Half-timbering is a defining element of Fachwerk construction in Germany, with regional variations showcasing distinct decorative styles.
- England: Half-timbered buildings were prevalent in Tudor architecture (1450-1600) in England, often featuring intricate decorative patterns on the exposed beams.


Construction Techniques
Half-timbered construction relies on a strong wooden framework made from squared timbers, typically oak, joined together using traditional woodworking techniques like mortise and tenon joints and wooden pegs. The spaces between the timbers are then infilled with various materials:
- Brick: A common infill material, particularly in urban areas, offering durability and fire resistance.
- Stone: Used in some regions, providing a more permanent and weatherproof infill.
- Plaster: A versatile material often applied over a lath framework, creating a smooth finish.
- Wattle and Daub: A traditional method using woven branches (wattle) covered in a mixture of clay, straw, and animal dung (daub).
Key Characteristics
- Exposed Timber Frame: The primary visual characteristic is the visible wooden framework, with the infill materials creating a contrast in color and texture.
- Infill Panels: The infill materials can be arranged in various patterns, adding decorative elements to the facade.
- Jettying Upper Floors: In some regions, upper floors may project outwards, supported by corbels (brackets) for additional space and a distinctive appearance.
