Fictional cities (synonyms: metropolis, megapolis; example toponyms: New Ives, Capital City) have always been a playground for the imagination, inviting us to explore extraordinary urban landscapes that either defy the constraints of reality or let us better examine them. From sprawling cyberpunk megacities to enchanted medieval realms, designing these fictional metropolises allows worldbuilders to create immersive settings.

Cities vary widely in the elements they include and are highly dependent on both world genre and world era. This page outlines general features any city may include. Worldbuilders may also wish to see if an archetypal city, such as superhero metropolis or a planet-wide ecumenopolis, is a better source of inspiration for their own specific world.

Often fictional cities are placed amidst or adjacent to interesting terrain features. They may exist within an impact crater, at the edge of a bottomless pit, or completely underground. This gives rise to unique cities and settlements like mesa cities, or cliffside cities. Worldbuilders looking for more realistic surroundings should also consider the local geography and topography. A simple element like a river, coast, or nearby mountain range can help give a city character and a unique feel.

The general layout of a fictional city is something any worldbuilder should consider. Cities may have canal networks, bridge systems, and/or extensive city walls. There may be expansive underground tunnel networks and sewers beneath them. Dense cities may have alleyways and rooftop areas. Cities may be separated into districts, such as residential, industrial, business districts, or wealthy areas and slums.

Worldbuilders may wish to include specific buildings within a city. These may include banks, government centers, guildhalls, arenas, or other locations. The buildings & locations of a city may be determined by what type of city you are designing. A capital city may have a palace, while a cyberpunk city will likely feature extensive alleyways and slums.

The architecture of a fictional city is important in forming its’ identity. Major metropolitan areas with inhabitants from across the globe will likely have a highly varied and non-cohesive sense of architecture as residents each bring a style stemming from their own traditions. Cities with less international exposure, cities from an earlier era with less international travel, and cities that were centrally planned will likely have a more cohesive architectural style. Different districts and neighborhoods within a city may also have their own architectural flavor.

Cities are home to public spaces, monuments, and parks.

A thriving fictional city needs a robust economy and diverse industries. Determine the primary economic activities that drive the city’s growth, whether it’s manufacturing, technology, commerce, or something entirely unique. This may be an opportunity to include a fictional company. Consider how these industries impact the city’s infrastructure, job opportunities, and the overall quality of life for its inhabitants.